Technical Comparison of Screw Pumps and Centrifugal Pumps: Which One Suits Your Application?

Technical Comparison of Screw Pumps and Centrifugal Pumps: Which One Suits Your Application?

In the field of industrial fluid handling, screw pumps and centrifugal pumps are two of the most commonly used technologies. Each has its own strengths and ideal application scenarios. Understanding their technical differences is key to selecting the most suitable pump for your working conditions.


1. Working Principles

Centrifugal pumps operate by rotating an impeller at high speed, transferring kinetic energy to the fluid and converting it into pressure energy. These pumps are known for their high flow rates and smooth operation with clean fluids.


Screw pumps, on the other hand, are positive displacement pumps. They rely on the meshing of a screw rotor and stator to create sealed cavities, which move fluid smoothly and continuously. Screw pumps are ideal for high-viscosity, particle-laden, or shear-sensitive fluids.


2. Medium Suitability

Criteria Centrifugal Pumps Screw Pumps

Viscosity Range Best for low-viscosity fluids (<200cP) Suitable for high-viscosity fluids (<100,000cP)

Solids Handling Not recommended (impeller wear risk) Handles small solids and slurries well

Shear Sensitivity High shear (not suitable) Low shear (ideal for sensitive fluids)


3. Performance & Efficiency

Stability: Screw pumps offer pulse-free, stable flow, which is crucial for dosing and precision applications. Centrifugal pumps are better for quick, high-volume transfers.


Energy Efficiency: Centrifugal pumps are efficient at their design point, but their performance drops outside that range. Screw pumps maintain consistent efficiency, especially with viscous media.


Maintenance: Centrifugal pumps have a simple structure and are easier to maintain. Screw pumps may require periodic stator replacement but offer longer life in the right applications.


4. Typical Applications

Centrifugal pumps: Water supply, cooling systems, petrochemical clear liquid transfer, etc.


Screw pumps: Food and beverage, chemical slurries, oil transfer, sludge treatment, cosmetics, etc.


5. Brand Highlight: SHANGCHENG Pump & Valve

Among domestic pump manufacturers, SHANGCHENG Pump & Valve has over 20 years of experience in fluid handling solutions. Their G-series screw pumps and IH/ISG centrifugal pump series cover a wide range of applications in chemical, food, environmental, and pharmaceutical sectors.


With advanced materials and engineering, SHANGCHENG screw pumps are built for durability and precision, while their centrifugal pumps offer excellent hydraulic performance and energy efficiency. Custom selection and technical support are also available upon request.


6. Conclusion

When choosing between screw and centrifugal pumps, factors such as fluid properties, viscosity, temperature, solid content, and system pressure must be considered. For viscous, abrasive, or shear-sensitive fluids, screw pumps are usually the better choice. For clean, low-viscosity fluids, centrifugal pumps offer cost-effective and efficient performance.


For tailored advice or pump selection support, consult professional suppliers like SHANGCHENG Pump & Valve, who can provide customized solutions based on your industry needs.

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